Computer software, generally referred to as just the term software, is a set of computer programs and related information that gives instructions to the computer regarding what tasks to complete and how to do them. Software also defines computer programs and information that are contained in the computer storage area.
Software is a collection of programs, algorithms, and procedures. Program software executes the necessary function of the implemented program, by acting as input to another type of software or by providing direct instructions to the hardware of the computer.
Types of Software
Various computer systems categorize software into three major groups: system software, programming software, and application software.
- System Software: supplies the basic functions for using a computer and assists with the operation of the system and computer hardware. It includes a grouping of operating systems, device drivers, servers, window systems, and utilities. It is responsible for directing various independent hardware parts to ensure they work together simultaneously.
- Programming Software: typically provides tools to help a programmer with composing computer programs. The included tools are debuggers, compilers, interpreters, text editors, and linkers.
- Application Software: created for a specific purpose and provides different functions depending on the users. It is developed for certain program and group of particular programs such as database management systems or graphic browsers. It enables users to complete various specific activities. Common applications include: business software, video games, databases, medical software, educational software, telecommunications, image editing, spreadsheets, and word processing.
Computer Software Examples
- System software contains operating systems, which direct computing resources.
- Programming languages describe the semantics and syntax of computer programs.
- Application software consists of end-user applications of computers including word processors or video games.
- Programming tools assist with carrying out computing tasks.
- Device drivers manage computer parts including monitors, printers, disk drives, and CD drives.
- Middleware controls and directs distributed systems.
- Firmware is low-level software that is usually stored on memory equipment that can be electrically programmed.
- Testware is used for testing software packages and testware.
- Shrinkware is an older term for software purchased by consumers. Retail stores typically sold it in a shrink-wrapped package.